B-Complex Injection
Overview of B-Complex Injection
Dosage Strength
Each mL contains: B1 (Thiamine HCl) 100 mg, B2 (Riboflavin-5-Phosphate Sodium) 2 mg, B3 (Niacinamide) 100 mg, B5 (Dexpanthenol) 2 mg, B6 (Pyridoxine HCl) 2 mg. 30 mL VialGeneral Information
Vitamin B complex is required for a wide range of processes in the human body. Its shortage can also result in a number of illnesses, including persistent neurological disorders. Biochemically, distinct structures are grouped together under the B complex based on their natural prevalence in the same type of food and water solubility. Because humans cannot synthesize vitamins in the B complex on their own and because these vitamins are easily excreted from the body through urine, they must be consumed on a regular basis to maintain energy production, DNA/RNA synthesis/repair, genomic and non-genomic methylation, and the synthesis of numerous neurochemicals and signaling molecules. B complex insufficiency is typically caused by one of four factors: a high consumption of processed and refined foods, a lack of dairy and meat-based foods in the diet, excessive alcohol consumption, decreased absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, or poor storage and usage by the liver. 1
According to clinical research, parenteral administration (intramuscular or intravenous) is recommended over alternative drug delivery methods in emergency conditions because it avoids first-pass metabolism, offers consistent therapeutic concentrations, and improves dose bioavailability. 2 It can also be employed when the oral route is not an option.
Preparation of pharmaceuticals:
Each 30 mL vial contains 100 mg of vitamin B1 as thiamine hydrochloride, 2 mg of vitamin B2 as riboflavin-5-phosphate sodium, 100 mg of B3 as niacinamide, 2 mg of vitamin B5 as dexpanthenol, and 2 mg of vitamin B6 as pyridoxine hydrochloride.
B vitamins are required for the proper functioning of the methylation cycle, DNA synthesis, phospholipid repair and maintenance, and are usually required for healthy skin, muscles, brain, and nerve functions.
3 The different functions are outlined below, however they usually operate together to accomplish the desired effect.
B1 vitamin (Thiamine)
It is essential for energy metabolism, immunity enhancement, and nervous system function. It can aid in the prevention of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, some eyesight and renal illnesses, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease.
B2 vitamin (Riboflavin)
It is a potent antioxidant that helps to maintain healthy blood cells and promotes metabolism.
B3 vitamin (Niacin)
Niacin is essential for the healthy operation of the neurological and digestive systems. It, like other vitamins in the family, is required for energy production and fatty acid metabolism. It also promotes the health of the skin, nails, and hair.
B5 vitamin (Pantothenic Acid)
Pantothenic acid is required for proper central nervous system development. It is involved in energy generation as well as the formation of amino acids, blood cells, vitamin D3, and other fatty acids via several metabolic and anabolic cycles.
B6 vitamin (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin B6 plays an important function in the synthesis of neurotransmitters and is necessary for optimum mental health. It also has an immediate impact on immunological function. It aids in the metabolism of amino acids and is a required co-factor in the folate cycle, a shortage of which can result in anaemia. Epidemiological evidence suggests that the established vitamin B dosages only serve to avoid marginal insufficiency, and that greater dosages than those supplied by RDA could provide additional benefits. 45
References
1.D. Kennedy, “B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy—A Review,” Nutrients, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 68, Jan. 2016.
2.J. Zhang, Z. Xie, N. Zhang, and J. Zhong, “Nanosuspension drug delivery system: preparation, characterization, postproduction processing, dosage form, and application,” in Nanostructures for Drug Delivery, Elsevier, 2017, pp. 413–443.
3.K. Mikkelsen and V. Apostolopoulos, “Vitamin B1, B2, B3, B5, and B6 and the Immune System,” in Nutrition and Immunity, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019, pp. 115–125.
4.M. S. Morris, “The Role of B Vitamins in Preventing and Treating Cognitive Impairment and Decline,” Adv. Nutr., vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 801–812, Nov. 2012.
5.M. S. Morris, M. F. Picciano, P. F. Jacques, and J. Selhub, “Plasma pyridoxal 5′-phosphate in the US population: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003–2004,” Am. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 87, no. 5, pp. 1446–1454, May 2008.
6.C. A. Calderón Ospina and M. O. Nava Mesa, “B Vitamins in the nervous system: Current knowledge of the biochemical modes of action and synergies of thiamine, pyridoxine, and cobalamin,” CNS Neurosci. Ther., vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 5–13, Jan. 2020.
7.J. C. Kerns, C. Arundel, and L. S. Chawla, “Thiamin Deficiency in People with Obesity,” Adv. Nutr., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 147–153, Mar. 2015.
8.D. Barton, K. Nakanishi, and O. Meth-Cohn, Eds., Comprehensive Natural Products Chemistry. Elsevier Science Ltd., 1999.
9.N. S. Ross and T. P. Hansen, “Riboflavin deficiency is associated with selective preservation of critical flavoenzyme-dependent metabolic pathways.,” Biofactors, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 185–90, Jan. 1992.
10.M. Ashoori and A. Saedisomeolia, “Riboflavin (vitamin B 2 ) and oxidative stress: a review,” Br. J. Nutr., vol. 111, no. 11, pp. 1985–1991, Jun. 2014.
11.C. J. García-Minguillán et al., “Riboflavin status modifies the effects of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) polymorphisms on homocysteine,” Genes Nutr., vol. 9, no. 6, p. 435, Nov. 2014.
12.G. Wolf, “Handbook of Vitamins , 4th ed, edited by Janos Zempleni, Robert B Rucker, Donald B McCormick, and John W Suttie, 2007, 593 pages, hardcover, $107.96. CRC Press, New York,” Am. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 88, no. 6, pp. 1708–1708, Dec. 2008.
13.G. Litwack, Human Biochemistry. Elsevier, 2018.
14.J. Selhub, “Folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 and one carbon metabolism.,” J. Nutr. Health Aging, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 39–42, 2002.
15.L. Sakakeeny et al., “Plasma Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate Is Inversely Associated with Systemic Markers of Inflammation in a Population of U.S. Adults,” J. Nutr., vol. 142, no. 7, pp. 1280–1285, Jul. 2012.
16.W. Weber and H. Kewitz, “Determination of thiamine in human plasma and its pharmacokinetics,” Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 213–219, 1985.
17.M. J. Royer-Morrot, A. Zhiri, F. Paille, and R. J. Royer, “Plasma thiamine concentrations after intramuscular and oral multiple dosage regimens in healthy men,” Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 219–222, Feb. 1992.
18.K. J. Breen, R. Buttigieg, S. Iossifidis, C. Lourensz, and B. Wood, “Jejunal uptake of thiamin hydrochloride in man: influence of alcoholism and alcohol,” Am. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 121–126, Jul. 1985.
19.J. Zempleni, J. R. Galloway, and D. B. McCormick, “Pharmacokinetics of orally and intravenously administered riboflavin in healthy humans,” Am. J. Clin. Nutr., vol. 63, no. 1, pp. 54–66, Jan. 1996.
20.J. Kirkland, “Niacin Status, NAD Distribution and ADP-Ribose Metabolism,” Curr. Pharm. Des., vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 3–11, Jan. 2009.
21.M. Sachs, F. Asskali, C. Lanaras, H. Förster, and H. Bockhorn, “Untersuchungen über den Metabolismus von Panthenol bei Patienten mit postoperativer Darmatonie,” Z. Ernahrungswiss., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 270–283, Dec. 1990.
22.G. Andermann and M. Dietz, “The bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of three zinc salts: Zinc pantothenate, zinc sulfate and zinc orotate,” Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 233–239, Jul. 1982.
23.V. A. Gurinovich and A. G. Moiseenok, “[Metabolism of pantothenic acid and its derivatives in animals deficient in this enzyme].,” Ukr. biokhimicheskii zhurnal, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 60–6.
24.J. Zempleni and W. Kübler, “The utilization of intravenously infused pyridoxine in humans,” Clin. Chim. Acta, vol. 229, no. 1–2, pp. 27–36, Sep. 1994.
25.J. Zempleni, “Pharmacokinetics of vitamin B6 supplements in humans.,” J. Am. Coll. Nutr., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 579–586, Dec. 1995.
26.J. Zempleni and W. Kübler, “Metabolism of vitamin B6 by human kidney,” Nutr. Res., vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 187–192, Feb. 1995.
30.W. R. Chitwood, “ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK FOLLOWING INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF VITAMIN B COMPLEX,” JAMA J. Am. Med. Assoc., vol. 148, no. 6, p. 461, Feb. 1952.
31.A. de Boer, F. van Hunsel, and A. Bast, “Adverse food–drug interactions,” Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., vol. 73, no. 3, pp. 859–865, Dec. 2015.
32.A. Kılıç, G. Kamburoglu, and A. Akıncı, “Riboflavin injection into the corneal channel for combined collagen crosslinking and intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation,” J. Cataract Refract. Surg., vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 878–883, May 2012.
33.J. M. Stephen, R. Grant, and C. S. Yeh, “Anaphylaxis from administration of intravenous thiamine,” Am. J. Emerg. Med., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 61–63, Jan. 1992.
34.K. D. Wrenn, F. Murphy, and C. M. Slovis, “A toxicity study of parenteral thiamine hydrochloride,” Ann. Emerg. Med., vol. 18, no. 8, pp. 867–870, Aug. 1989.
35.L.-S. Ou, M.-L. Kuo, and J.-L. Huang, “Anaphylaxis to riboflavin (vitamin B2),” Ann. Allergy, Asthma Immunol., vol. 87, no. 5, pp. 430–433, Nov. 2001.
36.P. M. Debourdeau, S. Djezzar, J. L. F. Estival, C. M. Zammit, R. C. Richard, and A. C. Castot, “Life-Threatening Eosinophilic Pleuropericardial Effusion Related to Vitamins B 5 and H,” Ann. Pharmacother., vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 424–426, Apr. 2001.
37.H. Schaumburg et al., “Sensory Neuropathy from Pyridoxine Abuse,” N. Engl. J. Med., vol. 309, no. 8, pp. 445–448, Aug. 1983.
38.D. Patel et al., “Vitamins, Amino Acids, and Drugs and Formulations Used in Nutrition,” 2016, pp. 355–364.
Legal Disclaimer: All information presented in this website is intended for informational purposes only and not for the purpose of rendering medical advice.